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letra de black american timeline #2: music - deiarecia s. washington

during slavery in the united states, music was a form of communication and entertainment. after the civil war and emanc-p-tion, music began to evolve and take form into clear and refined genres that further helped defined the black american culture. the genres focused here are: gospel, blues, and jazz

gospel

1922- james d. vaughan founded one of the first radio stations in tennessee, woan, where he broadcasted southern gospel until 1930
excerpt: from wikipedia
“as one of the most significant figures in southern gospel music, james d. vaughan was inducted into the southern gospel music hall of fame in 1997.”

1923- paul robeson and lawrence brown gave a concert that consisted of negro spirituals
excerpt from newspaper: “an unusually interesting program of negro music was given by the baritone paul robeson and his -ssociate, lawrence brown…”

1929- mahalia jackson meets thomas a. dorsey
excerpt from elvis presley’s “take my hand, precious lord”:
“precious lord, take my hand
lead me on, let me stand
i’m tired, i’m weak, i’m lone
through the storm, through the night
lead me on to the light
take my hand precious lord, lead me home”

1948- sister rosetta tharpe records “down by the riverside”
excerpt from “down by the riverside”:
“gonna lay down my burden
down by the riverside
down by the riverside
down by the riverside
gonna lay down my burden
down by the riverside
down by the riverside”

blues

1900- the first appearance of the blues is often dated at 1900
excerpt from allaboutthatjazz.com: “the blues has deep roots in american history, particularly african-american history. the blues originated on southern plantations in the 19th century. its inventors were slaves, ex-slaves and the descendants of slaves—african-american sharecroppers who sang as they toiled in the cotton and vegetable fields. it’s generally accepted that the music evolved from african spirituals, african chants, work songs, field hollers, rural fife and drum music, revivalist hymns, and country dance music.”

1905-1908- howard w. odum } published an extensive anthology of blues music
from religious folk-songs of the sourthern negroes: “to know the soul of a people and to find the source from which flows the expression of folk-thought is to comprehend in la large measure the capabilities of that people.”

1908- anthony maggio’s “i got the blues” was the first publication of blues sheet music

1920- mamie smith recorded a rendition of perry bradford’s “crazy blues”
lyrics of “crazy blues”: “ i can’t sleep at night i can’t eat a bite cause the man i love he don’t treat me right…”

jazz

1912- the saxophone was beginning to become a popular instrument in jazz music
excerpt from all about that jazz.com : “coleman hawkins, known as “the hawk” or “bean,” basically invented tenor sax as we know it, all the way down to bill clinton playing his way to office.”

1922- bessie smith records for the first time
excerpt from : “gulf coast blues”
“i’ve been blue all day, my man’s gone away
he has left his mama cold for another gal i’m told
i tried to treat him kind, i thought he would be mine
that man i hate to lose, that’s why mama’s got the blues”

1923- cotton club opens
excerpt from black past.org: “the club was decorated with the idea of creating a “stylish plantation environment” for its entirely white clientele… although the entertainers and most of staff were african american.”

1940- duke ellington began to stretch the boundaries of jazz music and was a huge influence on orchestral jazz
excerpt from wikipedia: “he tried to avoid the word ‘jazz’ preferring ‘negro’ or ‘american’ music. he claimed there were only two types of music, ‘good’ and ‘bad’…”

- deiarecia s washington

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